Economic loss from wrongful termination — back pay and front pay with stated uncertainty
| To | [Counsel], [Firm] |
| From | Karim Souidi, M.Sc. (Econometrics), NorthLaw.ai |
| Matter | [Plaintiff] v. [Employer] — sample file NL-2026-0003 (wrongful termination / retaliation) |
| Date | 25 September 2026 |
| Purpose | Settlement and mediation support. Privileged; prepared at the request of counsel. Not prepared for filing or testimony. |
The plaintiff, a 47-year-old regional sales manager earning $170,000 in base and average bonus, was terminated on 1 March 2025 and re-employed on 1 January 2026 at $118,000. Economic loss to a 1 September 2026 valuation date (back pay) is $215,000 including benefits. Future loss (front pay) depends almost entirely on one assumption, how long the $52,000 annual shortfall persists:
| Front-pay scenario | Present value | Total loss |
|---|---|---|
| Shortfall closes over five years (plaintiff catches up) | $174,000 | $389,000 |
| Shortfall persists to statistical work-life (age 62), adjusted for the probability of continued employment | $552,000 | $767,000 |
| Shortfall persists to work-life, no attrition adjustment (plaintiff's likely framing) | $736,000 | $951,000 |
A defensible settlement range is $390,000 to $770,000; the upper figure without attrition adjustment is unlikely to survive cross-examination. The single fact most worth developing is the plaintiff's realistic path back to a comparable role, because it decides which row applies.
What the plaintiff lost in earnings and benefits as a result of the termination, net of mitigation, from termination to the valuation date and into the future, with the uncertainty stated.
| Item | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Date of birth / age at termination | 1978 / 47 | Counsel |
| Pre-termination base salary | $142,000 | W-2s 2022 – 2024 |
| Average annual bonus (3 years) | $28,000 | W-2s, bonus letters |
| Employer benefits (health, 401(k) match, LTD) | 22% of cash compensation | Benefits summary; BLS ECEC as cross-check |
| Termination date | 1 March 2025 | Termination letter |
| Re-employment | 1 January 2026 at $118,000 base, no bonus, comparable benefits | Offer letter |
| Valuation date | 1 September 2026 | Counsel (anticipated mediation) |
Back pay (1 March 2025 – 1 September 2026). Ten months with no earnings: $141,700. Eight months at the new job: shortfall of $52,000/year × 8/12 = $34,700. Subtotal $176,400; with benefits at 22%, $215,200. No offset for unemployment insurance is taken (collateral-source treatment varies by jurisdiction; counsel to apply).
Front pay (from 1 September 2026). The annual shortfall is $52,000 in cash plus 22% benefits. Its present value depends on duration, wage growth (3.0%/year, both jobs) and the discount rate (4.8%, 10-year Treasury plus a small premium). The chart shows how the total moves with the duration assumption.
Figure 1. Solid line: shortfall persists for the years shown, no attrition adjustment. Dashed: adjusted for the statistical probability that employment with the former employer would have continued. The catch-up scenario assumes the shortfall closes linearly over five years.
Table A1. Assumptions and sources.
| Parameter | Value | Basis |
|---|---|---|
| Wage growth, both positions | 3.0%/yr | BLS Employment Cost Index, management occupations, 10-year average |
| Discount rate (nominal) | 4.8% | 10-year Treasury at valuation date + 0.5% premium |
| Net discount rate | ≈ 1.75% | (1.048 / 1.030) − 1 |
| Benefits load | 22% | Employer benefits summary; BLS ECEC private-industry management ≈ 30% including legally required |
| Work-life expectancy, age 47 male, college degree | to age ~62 (≈ 13 years from valuation) | Skoog-Ciecka-Krueger work-life tables (2019 update) |
| Annual probability of continued employment with former employer | declining from 0.92 to 0.60 over horizon | Employer tenure distribution for comparable roles; JOLTS separations as cross-check |
Table A2. Front-pay present values by scenario.
| Scenario | Years | PV cash | PV incl. benefits |
|---|---|---|---|
| Catch-up, linear over 5 years | 5 | $143,000 | $174,000 |
| Persistent shortfall, no attrition | 13 | $603,000 | $736,000 |
| Persistent shortfall, attrition-adjusted | 13 | $452,000 | $552,000 |
| Persistent shortfall, attrition-adjusted, 8-year horizon | 8 | $318,000 | $388,000 |
A3. Sensitivity. Each 1-point change in the net discount rate moves the work-life scenarios by about 7%. Using the median bonus lowers all figures by 3%. A 30% benefits load (BLS all-in) raises them by 6.5%. Assuming a 12-month rather than 10-month job search adds $28,000 to back pay.
A4. Method. But-for earnings path from documented compensation grown at 3.0%; actual earnings path from the offer letter grown at the same rate; loss = difference, discounted to the valuation date at 4.8%, with benefits at 22% of cash. Attrition adjustment multiplies each year's loss by the cumulative probability of continued employment. Work-life from published tables by age, sex and education. Calculations are in a spreadsheet available to counsel.
W-2s 2022 – 2024; bonus letters 2022 – 2024; employer benefits summary (2024 plan year); termination letter dated 1 March 2025; offer letter from new employer dated 12 December 2025; plaintiff's job-search log (counsel-provided). Public sources: BLS ECI and ECEC, JOLTS, U.S. Treasury yields, Skoog-Ciecka-Krueger tables. Facts not independently verified except against the documents listed.